Class 10 Science SEE Guide | Unit - 6 Nature and Environment 2080

Class 10 Science SEE Guide

Unit - 6

Nature and Environment Guide

Exercise

1. Choose the correct option for the following questions:

a. Nowadays, sometimes there is low rainfall and sometimes heavy rainfall, which has affected agricultural production. What may be the reason for this?

i. Volcanic eruption

ii. Climate change

iii. Decline of rare wildlife

iv. Change in atmospheric pressure

Answer 👉 ii. Climate change

b. What is the reason for the increase in the volume of sea level?

i. Heavy rainfall

ii. Low rainfall

iii. Global warming

iv. Deforestation

Answer 👉 iii. Global warming

c. Which of the following groups is a group of endangered animals?

i. Swamp deer, Asiatic wild elephant, stripped hyena

ii. Asiatic wild elephant, stripped hyena, jackal

iii. Antelope, tiger, leopard

iv. Asiatic wild elephant, tiger, bear

Answer 👉 i. Swamp deer, Asiatic wild elephant, stripped hyena

d. In which group of plants, does Tulsi belong?

i. Endangered plant

ii. Medicinal plant

iii. Thorny plant

iv. Creepers

Answer 👉 ii. Medicinal plant

e. The union of a type of caterpillar with a specific fungi forms Yarsagumba. In this, what is the relation between caterpillars and fungi?

i. Symbiotic

ii. Parasitic

iii. Predator

iv. Saprotrophic

Answer 👉 i. Symbiotic

f. In chickenpox, neem powder paste is applied to the affected parts, and neem leaves are spread on the bed. It helps to heal chickenpox. What property in neem helps to do so?

i. Anti-inflammatory property

ii. Anti-oxidant property

ili. Anti-microbial property

iv. Anti-pyretic property

Answer 👉 iii. Anti-microbial property

g. Which part of Bojo is used for medicinal purposes?

i. Rhizome

ii. Leaf

iii. Stem

iv. Flower

Answer 👉 i. Rhizome

h. Rama has been coughing for a long time? For this, which medicinal plant helps to get relief from cough?

i. Boiled neem water

ii. Aloe vera juice

iii. Boiled tulsi water

iv. Yarsagumba powder

Answer 👉

i. What is the reason for the natural disaster shown in the given picture?

i. Climate change

ii. Deforestation

iii. Heavy rain fall

iv. Volcanic eruption

Answer 👉 find out the answer yourself

Download the Class 10 SEE Science book Complete Guide 2080 from the Google play store.

2. Write the differences:

a. Weather change and climate change

Answer 👉

Weather change refers to short-term variations in atmospheric conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and humidity, that occur over hours, days, or weeks.
Climate change refers to long-term alterations in average weather patterns and temperature trends over a significant period of time, typically spanning decades or centuries.

b. Endangered plants and medicinal plants

Answer 👉

Endangered plants are species of plants that are at risk of extinction or becoming extinct due to various factors, such as habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, or climate change.
Medicinal plants are plants that possess medicinal properties and are used in traditional or modern medicine for their therapeutic effects in treating or preventing diseases and ailments.

c. Greenhouse effect and climate change

Answer 👉

The greenhouse effect refers to the natural process by which certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, preventing it from escaping back into space. This process helps to maintain a relatively stable and habitable temperature on Earth.
Climate change refers to long-term alterations in Earth's climate patterns, including changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other factors, primarily driven by human activities, such as the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The enhanced greenhouse effect resulting from human activities is a significant driver of climate change.

3. Give reason:

a. The main causative factor of non-seasonal rainfall is climate change.

Answer 👉 The main causative factor of non-seasonal rainfall is climate change: Climate change can disrupt weather patterns and alter precipitation distribution. As a result, non-seasonal rainfall events may occur due to shifts in atmospheric circulation patterns, increased moisture content in the air, and other climate-related factors.

b. Sea level rises due to climate change.

Answer 👉 Sea level rises due to climate change: Climate change leads to global warming, which causes the melting of glaciers and ice caps. This, along with the thermal expansion of seawater, contributes to the rise in sea levels.

c. Climate change also causes the extinction of animals.

Answer 👉 Climate change also causes the extinction of animals: Climate change can result in shifts in temperature and precipitation patterns, habitat loss, and disruption of ecosystems. These changes can negatively impact the survival and reproduction of various animal species, leading to their decline and potential extinction.

d. Endangered animals can be protected by conserving their natural habitat.

Answer 👉 Endangered animals can be protected by conserving their natural habitat: Endangered animals depend on specific habitats for their survival. By conserving and protecting these habitats, we provide a safe and suitable environment for endangered species to thrive, including access to food, water, shelter, and breeding grounds.

e. The use of medicinal plants is beneficial for human health.

Answer 👉 The use of medicinal plants is beneficial for human health: Medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds that have therapeutic properties and can be used to treat various ailments and promote overall well-being. The natural compounds present in medicinal plants can have medicinal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and other health-enhancing effects.

f. Tulsi is called a life-giving plant.

Answer 👉 Tulsi is called a life-giving plant: Tulsi, also known as holy basil, holds cultural and religious significance in many traditions. It is considered a sacred plant and is often referred to as a life-giving plant due to its various medicinal properties and health benefits. Tulsi is believed to possess healing properties and is used in Ayurvedic medicine for its adaptogenic, anti-stress, and immune-enhancing properties.

g. Neem is a multipurpose medicinal plant.

Answer 👉 Neem is a multipurpose medicinal plant: Neem is known for its versatile medicinal properties. Its various parts, including leaves, bark, and seeds, contain compounds with antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and insecticidal properties. Neem is used in traditional medicine for treating various ailments, promoting skin health, and as a natural pesticide.

h. Yarsagumba is used as an energy-booster herbal medicine.

Answer 👉 Yarsagumba is used as an energy-booster herbal medicine: Yarsagumba, also known as the caterpillar fungus, is believed to have medicinal properties and is used in traditional Tibetan and Chinese medicine as an energy booster and for enhancing stamina and vitality. It is believed to provide various health benefits and is often used as a tonic or supplement for improving physical and mental performance.

4. Answer the following question:

a. What is climate change?

Answer 👉 Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, wind patterns, and other aspects of Earth's climate system. It is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and lead to an enhanced greenhouse effect.

b. Write the main reasons for climate change.

Answer 👉 The main reasons for climate change include:

Increased greenhouse gas emissions: The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, for energy production and transportation releases carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Deforestation also contributes to increased CO2 levels.
Deforestation: Cutting down forests reduces the Earth's capacity to absorb CO2 through photosynthesis, leading to higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Industrial processes: Industrial activities, such as manufacturing, cement production, and chemical processes, release greenhouse gases like methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere.
Agricultural practices: Agricultural activities, including livestock production and rice cultivation, release methane and nitrous oxide, both potent greenhouse gases.
Land use changes: Converting natural landscapes into urban areas or agricultural land can alter local climate patterns and contribute to climate change.

c. Describe the effects of climate change.

Answer 👉 The effects of climate change include:

Rising global temperatures: Increased greenhouse gas emissions trap more heat in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in global temperatures. This can result in more frequent and intense heatwaves.
Melting ice and rising sea levels: Higher temperatures cause the melting of glaciers and ice caps, leading to rising sea levels. This threatens coastal communities and ecosystems.
Changes in precipitation patterns: Climate change can alter rainfall patterns, leading to more frequent droughts, floods, and changes in water availability.
Impact on ecosystems: Climate change can disrupt ecosystems and biodiversity, affecting plant and animal species, their habitats, and ecological interactions.
Extinction risks: Climate change poses risks to many species, increasing the likelihood of extinction, particularly for those unable to adapt or migrate quickly enough.
Increased frequency of extreme weather events: Climate change contributes to more frequent and severe weather events, such as hurricanes, storms, and wildfires.

d. What types of animals are called rare animals?

Answer 👉 Rare animals refer to species that have a small population size or are found in limited geographical areas. They are often vulnerable to extinction due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching, and climate change.

e. What measures can be adopted to protect rare animals?

Answer 👉 Measures that can be adopted to protect rare animals include:

Conservation of habitats: Preserving and restoring natural habitats is crucial for the survival of rare animals. This involves protecting ecosystems, establishing protected areas, and implementing sustainable land-use practices.
Wildlife conservation programs: Implementing programs focused on the conservation and management of rare animal species, including captive breeding and reintroduction efforts, can help increase their populations.
Anti-poaching efforts: Enforcing strict laws against poaching, reducing illegal wildlife trade, and increasing surveillance and protection of rare animals can mitigate the threats they face.
Public awareness and education: Promoting awareness about the importance of rare animals and their conservation can encourage public support and engagement in conservation efforts.
International cooperation: Collaborating on conservation initiatives at a global level, sharing knowledge and resources, and implementing international agreements and conventions can enhance the protection of rare animals.

f. Many plants are being extinct in Nepal due to climate change. What role can you play to protect such plants? Describe in brief.

Answer 👉 To protect endangered plants in Nepal due to climate change, individuals can play a role by:

Supporting conservation organizations: Contributing to and volunteering with organizations focused on plant conservation can help raise awareness and fund conservation efforts.
Participating in reforestation programs: Engaging in tree planting initiatives and supporting projects that restore and protect natural habitats can help preserve endangered plant species.
Promoting sustainable practices: Encouraging sustainable land-use practices, reducing deforestation, and advocating for responsible agriculture and forestry methods can mitigate the effects of climate change on plant species.
Engaging in community initiatives: Collaborating with local communities, farmers, and indigenous groups to promote sustainable livelihoods that integrate plant conservation can have a positive impact.
Educating others: Sharing knowledge about endangered plant species, their importance, and the threats they face due to climate change can raise awareness and inspire others to take action.

g In order to protects and promote the medicinal herbs found in Nepal, it is essential to train the local people on the processing of herbs and their use. Explain your opinions.

Answer 👉 To protect and promote medicinal herbs in Nepal, training local people on the processing of herbs and their use is essential because:

It enhances local knowledge: Training empowers local communities with the skills and knowledge necessary to sustainably harvest, process, and utilize medicinal herbs. This ensures the preservation of traditional practices and expertise.
It improves product quality: Proper training on herb processing techniques ensures that medicinal herbs are handled correctly, leading to better quality products with optimal therapeutic properties.
It promotes sustainable practices: Training local people on sustainable harvesting methods and cultivation techniques helps prevent overexploitation and promotes the long-term viability of medicinal herbs.
It creates economic opportunities: Developing local expertise in herb processing can lead to the establishment of small-scale industries, generating income and employment opportunities within the community.
It preserves traditional medicine: Training on herb processing supports the preservation and promotion of traditional medicinal practices, ensuring the continuity of cultural heritage and holistic healthcare systems.

h. By protecting Yarsagumba and increasing its production, the economy of the country can also improve. Explain this statement.

Answer 👉 Protecting and increasing the production of Yarsagumba can improve the economy of the country because:

Economic value: Yarsagumba, also known as the caterpillar fungus, is highly valued in traditional medicine and the international market. Its demand and high market price can provide economic opportunities for local communities involved in its collection and trade.
Employment generation: The harvesting and processing of Yarsagumba can create employment opportunities, particularly in rural areas where alternative sources of income may be limited.
Tourism potential: The presence of Yarsagumba in a region can attract tourists and researchers interested in its medicinal properties. This can stimulate tourism, generating revenue for local economies.
Improved livelihoods: Increased production of Yarsagumba can directly benefit collectors and communities by improving their livelihoods and reducing poverty.
Sustainable resource management: Focusing on the sustainable harvest and management of Yarsagumba ensures its long-term availability and prevents overexploitation, allowing for continued economic benefits in the future.