Unit - 11
Ethics and Morality
Wisdom of Little Girls
A. Replace the words or phrases in red in the sentences below with the correct words from the box.
Answer 👉
a. The lassies were dressed in their finery to go to the party.
b. Do you sometimes fancy living in a fancy house?
c. When Shila was chased by a dog she managed to scramble onto the wall quickly.
d. The lassies impressed everyone with their performance.
e. It was his folly to leave the bike unlocked in the street.
f. Each one accused the other of cheating. Soon, they started abusing each other.
g. Could you please give me a chip of paper? I can't find the duster.
h. The farmers rejoiced in happiness when it rained after a long drought.
B. Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentences.
Answer 👉
a. The two little girls were dressed in new frocks probably because ii. they had to go to church.
b. When Malasha was going to splash into the puddle, ii. Akoulya asked her Malasha to take off her shoes and stockings before going.
c. While running home, the girls were caught by i. Akoulya's mother.
d. Akoulya's grandmother i. was able to calm down the crowd.
e. While the men were busy fighting, the two girls ii. played a game together.
f. At the end, the men i. were guilty of their deed.
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D. Remember a similar incident that happened during your childhood and share it in the class.
Answer 👉 During my childhood, there was a time when my friends and I decided to have a water balloon fight in our neighborhood. It was a hot summer day, and we thought it would be a fun way to cool down and enjoy ourselves. We gathered together and filled up several balloons with water, making sure we had plenty for everyone to participate.
Once we were ready, the chaos began. We started throwing water balloons at each other, running around and dodging the incoming balloons. Laughter filled the air as we chased each other, trying to get soaked and have a great time. It was a joyful and playful moment that brought all of us closer together.
However, amidst all the excitement, something unexpected happened. One of my friends slipped on a wet patch on the ground and fell down. Everyone immediately stopped and rushed to check if he was okay. Fortunately, he only had a few minor scratches and was not seriously hurt. It was a reminder that even in moments of fun, accidents can happen, and we need to be cautious.
After making sure our friend was fine, we decided to end the water balloon fight and help him back home. We apologized for the incident and made a pact to be more careful in the future. Although it was a bit of a sobering moment, it taught us the importance of looking out for one another and being aware of our surroundings even during playful activities.
This incident holds a special place in my childhood memories as a reminder of the bond we shared as friends and the lessons we learned about responsibility and care. It was a day filled with laughter, excitement, and a valuable lesson that stayed with us throughout our lives.
Grammar I
B. Transform the following sentences into negative.
Answer 👉
a. My sister does not live with my parents.
b. Maryam does not know the answer well.
c. I do not want to leave now.
d. Anusha does not agree with me.
e. The boy did not kill the cockroach with his shoe.
f. His father did not recognize me at once.
g. He did not apologize for his misconduct.
h. He did not eat a few mangoes.
i. We did not sell a little honey.
j. The rich are not always happy.
k. Kanchan does not frequently visit me.
l. Shailesh did not buy several books.
m. Garima did not let me use her toilet.
n. None of them can help her.
C. Complete the following sentences choosing the correct forms of verbs in brackets.
Answer 👉
a. A number of soldiers were injured in the war.
b. The number of deceased soldiers is not stored in the record book.
c. A pack of lions is approaching the camp.
d. His pants were torn during the match.
f. The truthful are always trustworthy.
g. To cry is never the solution to any problems.
h. Here lies the tomb of Albert Einstein.
i. Either she or her friends are responsible for this accident.
j. None is under the sun.
k. All that glitters is not gold.
l. Everything is fine when it's done correctly.
m. Either the sculpture or the paintings are in the museum today.
n. Each of the dancers twirls brilliantly.
o. Neither she nor I am getting the lunch special.
Writing I
You might have read or heard some moral stories. Write your favourite one in your own words.
Answer 👉 Once upon a time, in a small village, there lived a kind-hearted woodcutter named Raju. Raju was known for his honesty, humility, and willingness to help others. He worked hard every day to earn a living and provide for his family.
One day, as Raju was walking through the forest, he came across a wounded bird with a broken wing. The bird was in pain and unable to fly. Without hesitation, Raju gently picked up the bird and decided to take care of it until it healed.
Raju brought the bird home and created a comfortable nest for it. He fed it with care, providing it with nourishing food and clean water. Every day, he would spend time with the bird, talking to it softly and ensuring it felt loved and cared for.
Weeks passed, and the bird's wing gradually healed. One morning, as Raju opened the window of his house, the bird flew out of its nest and perched on a nearby branch. It chirped happily, as if expressing its gratitude to Raju for his kindness.
From that day on, the bird would visit Raju regularly, flying around him and singing melodious tunes. The villagers were amazed to witness this incredible bond between Raju and the bird. They saw how kindness and compassion can create beautiful connections between humans and nature.
As time went by, Raju's act of kindness spread throughout the village, inspiring others to show empathy and care towards all living beings. The village became known for its compassionate community, where everyone supported and helped one another.
The story of Raju and the bird teaches us the value of kindness and how even a small act of compassion can make a significant difference in someone's life. It reminds us to treat all creatures with respect and to always lend a helping hand to those in need.
World Record
B. Write True for true and False for false statements.
Answer 👉
a. False - Only Albert Hargreaves and Mabel Phillips are attempting to break world records, not two people.
b. False - Michael is not one of the contestants; he is the host of the program.
c. False - Michael did not try dipping his foot in the bucket; he only interviewed the contestants.
d. False - Albert did not break the world record for standing on a bucket of hot soup; he fell over and broke his leg before reaching the record time.
e. True - "Sizzling" and "scorching" are similar in meaning, both indicating intense heat.
f. True - The conversation suggests that the program has comedic elements, as there are moments of humor throughout.
C. Answer these questions.
a. Who is Mabel Phillips?
Answer 👉 Mabel Phillips is one of the contestants in the TV studio.
b. What is she trying to do?
Answer 👉 Mabel Phillips is leaning on a brush as her attempt to break a world record.
c. How do they maintain the heat of the soup?
Answer 👉 They maintain the heat of the soup by Mrs. Hargreaves periodically pouring more hot soup into Albert's bucket.
d. How far was Albert from breaking the record?
Answer 👉 Albert was only one minute away from breaking the record before he fell over and broke his leg.
e. How did the man lose his trousers?
Answer 👉 The man lost his trousers after taking them off for a bath, and they were gone when he got out of the bath.
f. Why do you think Mabel pushed Albert?
Answer 👉 The reason for Mabel pushing Albert is not explicitly mentioned in the conversation. It could be interpreted as a playful or ironic gesture since Albert was close to breaking the record but fell just short.
E. How do you feel if somebody interrupts you on the verge of winning point? Do you think it is ethical?
Answer 👉 In some competitive scenarios, interruptions or distractions may be part of the game or strategy, such as in sports where opponents try to disrupt each other's focus. In these cases, it is generally considered acceptable within the rules of the game.
However, if the interruption is deliberate and intended to unfairly disadvantage or sabotage someone, it would generally be seen as unethical. Fair competition typically involves respecting the rules and allowing each participant a fair chance to succeed without intentional interference.
Ultimately, ethical behavior is subjective and can vary based on cultural norms, specific circumstances, and the expectations set within a particular context. Open communication, mutual respect, and fair play are generally valued principles that contribute to maintaining a positive and ethical environment in competitive situations.
Grammar Il
A. Change the following sentences into affirmative.
Answer 👉 a. Dev Narayan performs well.
b. The dog bit Fatima.
c. A room in the flat needs painting.
d. All the students have to sit in the re-examination.
e. He drinks wine.
f. Pour much water in the curry.
g. Somebody came to me.
h. There is someone in the locality living in luxury.
i. He has a bath every day.
j. Either the boy or the man goes to school.
k. She has something in her bag.
l. He works with us.
B. Rewrite the following letter correcting the errors in subject-verb agreement.
Answer 👉
Dear Hiring Manager,
I feel that I am the ideal candidate for the position of Communication Manager in your company. I have three years of experience as a receptionist in a company that is similar to yours. My phone skills and written communication are excellent. These skills, and others that I have learned on the job, help me understand that every person in a company helps make the business a success. At my current job, the team always says that I am very helpful. Everyone appreciates when I go the extra mile to get the job done right. My current employer and co-workers feel that I am an asset to the team. I, along with my colleagues, am efficient and organized. Are there any other details about me that you would like to know? If so, please contact me. Here is my resume. You can reach me by e-mail or phone. I look forward to speaking with you in person.
Sincerely Yours
Adara Banu
Class 10 SEE English Guide Unit - 11 Ethics and Morality
Writing II
B. Write a similar message of condolence using the given outlines.
Dear [Recipient's Name],
I am deeply saddened to hear about the passing of Jayananda Lama (1956-2022). His departure from this world is an incredible loss for the Nepali art sector, particularly in the realms of folk singing and acting. Jayananda Lama was a senior folk singer and actor who left an indelible mark on the industry.
His contributions to the Nepali art scene are immeasurable, and his absence will be deeply felt. Songs like "Kalakate Kainyo," "Herda Ramro," "Chuin Chuin Chuikane Joota," and "Mulako Chana" will forever resonate in our hearts as his super hit folk songs. Moreover, his talent extended beyond music, as he showcased his acting skills in over a hundred movies.
During this difficult time, I extend my heartfelt condolences to you and everyone affected by the loss of Jayananda Lama. May his soul find eternal peace, and may his legacy continue to inspire future generations in the world of Nepali art.
Please know that my thoughts and prayers are with you and the entire community during this period of mourning. If there is anything I can do to offer support or if you need someone to talk to, please do not hesitate to reach out.
With deepest sympathy,
[Your Name]
C. Imagine you and your friend, Purna were working in a factory. Unfortunately he broke his hand while working with a machine. Write a letter of sympathy using the clues given below.
Answer 👉
Dear Purna,
I was deeply saddened to hear about the accident that occurred at the factory, resulting in the unfortunate injury to your hand. It came as a shock to me, as we have been working together for the past three years, and I know how regular and dutiful you are in your work.
It is disheartening to learn that the incident was a sort of mechanical failure, which led to such an unfortunate outcome. I can only imagine the pain and difficulty you must be experiencing due to this injury. Please know that you are in my thoughts and prayers during this challenging time.
I hope you are receiving the best possible care and treatment at the hospital. The most important thing right now is your recovery, and I sincerely wish for your hand to heal quickly and completely. Remember to follow the instructions of the medical professionals and take ample rest to aid in the healing process.
If there's anything I can do to support you during your recovery, please don't hesitate to let me know. Whether it's running errands, helping with paperwork, or simply being there as a friend, I am here for you. If you need someone to talk to or if there's anything on your mind, feel free to reach out.
I understand that this is a challenging time for you, both physically and emotionally. Stay strong and keep a positive mindset. Remember that setbacks can be overcome, and with time and proper care, you will be back on your feet and return to work with your usual diligence and enthusiasm.
Once again, I wish you a speedy recovery, Purna. Take care of yourself and know that I am rooting for your swift healing and return to good health.
With heartfelt sympathy and best wishes,
[Your Name]
